What to Look for in a Land Survey – A Must-Know Guide for Buyers

Introduction

A land survey is one of the most important documents you should review before buying any property.

It shows exactly where the boundaries lie, any easements, encroachments, or restrictions, and it protects you from disputes after purchase.

Many buyers overlook the survey or don’t understand what to look for, risking costly surprises later.

This guide breaks down what to look for in a land survey so you can confidently move forward in your land investment.

What Is a Land Survey?

A land survey is a professional map created by a licensed surveyor that shows:

• The exact boundaries of the parcel

• Any existing easements or rights of way

• Location of structures, fences, roads, and natural features

• Topographic features (sometimes)

• Any encroachments or overlaps with neighboring properties

Key Elements to Check on a Land Survey

1. Boundary Lines and Corners

Make sure the survey clearly marks the legal boundary lines and corner markers.

• Are the boundaries consistent with the deed description?

• Look for metal pins, monuments, or stakes as physical markers.

2. Easements and Right of Ways

Easements grant others the right to use part of the land for utilities, roads, or access.

• Check location and size of any easements.

• Understand how they may limit your land use.

3. Encroachments

Encroachments occur when neighboring fences, buildings, or driveways cross onto your land.

• Identify any encroachments to avoid disputes.

• Consider negotiating with neighbors if needed.

4. Improvements and Structures

Look for any buildings, wells, septic tanks, or driveways on the survey.

• Confirm if these match the seller’s disclosures.

5. Topography and Natural Features (If Included)

Some surveys show elevation, slopes, or water features.

• Steep slopes or wetlands can affect buildability.

Why a Land Survey Is Essential Before Closing

• Protects against boundary disputes

• Confirms legal access and easements

• Verifies that land matches your purchase agreement

• Required for loans, title insurance, and development permits

How to Get a Land Survey

• Ask the seller if a recent survey exists

• Hire a licensed surveyor for a new survey if needed

• Cost typically ranges from $300 to $1,000+ depending on parcel size and location

Final Tips for Reviewing Your Land Survey

• Compare the survey with your deed and title report

• Ask your real estate agent or attorney to help interpret it

• Use the survey to plan your build or development accurately

Conclusion

Understanding what to look for in a land survey can save you from costly legal battles and build delays.

Always review the survey carefully before closing—and never skip ordering a new one if the existing survey is outdated or missing.

Your survey is your blueprint to secure land ownership and peace of mind.

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